The palatoglossus muscle is classically described as an extrinsic muscle of the tongue. However, this description is not consensus among the researchers, is one that sometimes it is not considered a muscle of the tongue. Thus, the objective of this study is to discuss some neuroanatomical aspects of palatoglossus muscle that may help explain this aspect. Furthermore, this study shall be useful for clinicians, surgeons and academics that manipulate and keep particular interest for this anatomical site.