Journal of Morphological Sciences
http://www.jms.periodikos.com.br/article/587cb49f7f8c9d0d058b47a0
Journal of Morphological Sciences
Original Article

Anatomy and evolution of accessory nerve: cranial or spinal origins? – A review

Deivis de Campos; Alexandre Rieger; Humberto Mohr; Joel Henrique Ellwanger; Antônio Manoel de Borba Junior

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Abstract

The accessory nerve is traditionally described as having both spinal and cranial roots, with the spinal root originating from the upper cervical segments of the spinal cord and the cranial root originating from the dorsolateral surface of the medulla oblongata. The spinal and cranial rootlets converge before entering the jugular foramen or within it. This conventional view has been challenged by finding no cranial contribution to the accessory nerve. Clinical, anatomical, functional and evolutionary implications are discussed in the present study.

Keywords

accessory nerve, spinal root, cranial root
587cb49f7f8c9d0d058b47a0 jms Articles
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J. Morphol. Sci.

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