Some theories point to the relationship between endocrinology and aging, while others support that aging is either linked to the immune system, or related to the thelomeres shortening and free radicals. However, what deserve the attention from the scientific community are the silent regulatory proteins 2 (Sir2). These proteins are dependent on Nicotinamide Adenin Dinucleodide (NAD+) and can be activated by either caloric restriction or by a poliphenol, the resveratrol (3,5,4’-triidroxistilbene), also known as 3,5,4’stilbenetriol. Besides exerting benefits to health as a whole, resveratrol has been demonstrated to promote live extension. The resveratrol bring a diversity of benefits to health because they activate the same metabolic pathways as those activated by the caloric restriction, demonstrating to be efficient to increase the lifespan. Moreover, it seems that the regulation of the mitochondrial biogenesis by the resveratrol is a potential therapeutic target to deal with endothelial dysfunction and vascular diseases. In addition resveratrol could act as a prominent activator of Sirt1 by amplifying the relationship NAD+/NADH, by increasing the expression of PGC-1 and by decreasing the expression of UCP2. A functional analysis of the resveratrol acting over the aging and the life extension brings up the need for the investigation of multiple tissues by the fact that resveratrol could be associated with the expression of genes in distinct metabolic functions that could be affected by aging.