Algal blooms are often disastrous in aquaculture ponds. In fish ponds, the nutrient enrichment by the addition of fertilizers and supplementary feeding, leads to eutrophication, thereby frequently developing dense algal blooms. Among different classes of freshwater algae, Cyanophyceae (blue-green algae) members form spectacular water blooms in fish production ponds. These blooms affect the water quality, the most severe of which being the oxygen depletion leading to mass fish mortality. They also release toxic substances which are hazardous to the cultured fish. Further, these blooms have a blanketing effect on the pond, thereby preventing the entry of sunlight into the water. All these factors may affect the pond productivity. The present study was aimed to research the effect of different algal blooms on the water quality, plankton diversity and density and fish production of carp culture ponds. For the present study, three carp culture ponds located in the West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, India, were selected with Microcystis, Oscillatoria and Anabaena blooms respectively. In the three ponds, physico-chemical parameters of water, phyto- and zooplankton and fish productions were studied. The results indicated that the fish yield was lower with concomitant fish mortalities in a pond with Microcystis bloom followed by the ponds with Anabaena and Oscillatoria blooms. The disastrous effects of algal blooms with regard to the ecology of pond water, the diversity and density of plankton and fish production were analyzed and discussed.